What Was The Role Of Farming In The Roman Economy – Although agriculture is widely viewed as an aging industry – the average age of farmers in the United States and Africa is said to be around 60 – the role of young people in agriculture is much more important than filling the boots of the current generation of farmers.

The world today hosts a massive population of 1.2 billion young people between the ages of 15 and 24 – and that number continues to rise. According to the United Nations, nearly 88% of them live in developing countries, particularly rural areas in sub-Saharan Africa and South Central and Southeast Asia, where agriculture is often the main – or only – source of income. And rural youth, as reported by the International Fund for Agricultural Development, already spend half or more of their working hours farming.

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Anastasia Mbinya, 16, and her mother collect fodder to feed their cattle. Many young people around the world contribute to their family farms. Photo: Russell Powell/ International.

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Despite the spread of agriculture—the World Bank says 80% of the world’s rural poor subsist on farming, and the industry employs half of the rural population on the entire African continent—most small farmers live in poverty, running crop and livestock farms. which are not as productive as they could be and miss important opportunities to contribute to their larger food systems.

But consider that the expansion of the agricultural sector can increase the income of poor families two to four times better than other sectors, and two out of three young people outside urban areas in developing countries live where the agricultural potential is greatest, and the role of young people in agriculture really has enormous potential – to grow more food, transform local food systems and build economies that lift entire communities out of poverty.

“It is arable land. There is a growing middle class. It is a growing market,” said Adesuwa Ifedi, International’s Deputy Director of Africa Programs. “You actually have a market that can sustainably provide jobs throughout the value chain.” … We now need to unlock the potential of the agricultural sector.”

Youth unemployment is now three times higher than that of adults in all regions of the world, according to a 2021 report from the Food and Agriculture Organization. Especially in Africa, which boasts the world’s youngest population, two-thirds of young people are unemployed or working in vulnerable, low-wage jobs, Ifedi said.

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Judith Musika, 22, is a member of a youth group that makes yogurt in Uganda. Young people in agriculture and food production play an important role in tackling unemployment and food insecurity. Photo by Fábio Erdos/ International.

The COVID-19 pandemic has also crippled jobs and food systems and contributed to an increase in global hunger for up to 161 million people, as reported in

“We definitely know that we are not able to provide enough jobs for the young people that we have in our continent,” said Ifedi. “Our innovative thinking will be about job creation in sectors where these youth could be absorbed.

Agriculture is the backbone of many economies, accounting for 25% or more of GDP in some developing countries. Engaging young people in agriculture – an available, suitable and necessary industry for growth – is critical to strengthening local food systems, feeding communities and providing profitable employment opportunities for the world’s youth boom.

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Although agriculture can and does have a positive impact in many countries, it remains unattractive to young people. Farmers around the world regularly face challenges such as climate change, pests and invasive species, outdated farming practices and limited access to technology, all of which hinder productivity and income generation.

A new report on the role of young people in agriculture by International, which includes input from nearly 30,000 young Africans and hundreds of farmers and farmers’ organizations in Africa, identifies further challenges preventing young people from fully participating in farming, particularly lack of on funding, land, markets and training.

Mpiima Muhammed, 25, started farming in Uganda when his family could no longer afford his schooling and there were no other job opportunities available. “Young people in my area are facing various challenges including lack of land to do their agriculture, poor transport systems, lack of resources and financial support to promote their businesses,” he said. Photo: James Akena/ International.

These restrictions have fueled a generational disinterest in farming, with many young people seeing it as an unstable livelihood and instead turning towards urban areas to find opportunities.

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Agriculture is “where the young people of Africa don’t want to go,” Ifedi said. “That’s where their parents don’t want them to go, because … the feeling we have about agriculture, because of the fact that it’s not driven by technology, is that [it’s] not forthcoming for young people.”

Research also shows that young people can be encouraged to participate in agriculture with the right support and that, despite skepticism, many people believe that accessible livelihoods are important for a nation’s development. And technology is central to this transformation – it can help agriculture by improving both its perception and its productivity.

“Technology is how we can leapfrog,” Ifedi said. “Technology is how we can transform the way the agricultural sector is perceived by young Africans [and] start opening up opportunities where we didn’t realize we had opportunities before.

Yet many smallholder farmers struggle with low technology adoption – which contributes to low production. Of the youth surveyed for the report who are involved in agriculture, only 23% use any type of technology such as an app, SMS, website or software. But young people and small farmers also indicated that they would adopt technology if the tools were affordable and they could be trained to use them.

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A basic phone that can receive text messages about market information and weather is a good starting point to introduce the benefits of technology to farmers with limited connectivity. Photo: Allan Gichigi/ International.

While digital literacy for rural farmers must continue to be addressed, the World Bank has reported that technology has “significant potential to improve efficiency, equity and environmental sustainability in the food system.” And where possible, we’re already seeing smallholder farmers use digital tools to revolutionize their work around the world.

“At any point in time, every problem that is addressed through technology and innovation is a whole new opportunity to create jobs.” —Adesuwa Ifedi

In Ecuador, farmers launched the country’s first online farmer-owned market for fresh produce delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. And Honduran coffee and cacao farmers are using blockchain and decision-making technologies to better understand their product supply chains, make informed decisions to improve yields and value, and secure higher prices.

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Sarah Kako, a young participant in Uganda, owns a maize grinding shop in her community. Agriculture is not limited to field work and can create jobs throughout the food system, especially with the help of technology. Photo: Phil Davis/ International.

The Youth in Agriculture report also revealed a spirit of innovation in Africa, with young entrepreneurs using technologies such as artificial intelligence, remote sensing, virtual reality, drone technology and a variety of precision tools to provide services to smallholder farmers.

“I believe that innovation that comes in to create opportunities to deal with all of this is really where the transformation for Africa will begin,” Ifedi said. “And at every point, every problem that is tackled with technology and innovation is completely new … an opportunity to create jobs for young Africans.”

Its mission to end hunger and poverty while caring for the planet is based on helping small farmers grow more food, earn income and contribute to the economy – and youth in agriculture is an important part of this vision. Young people, supported to innovate and overcome obstacles, have the potential to repair food systems; reduce hunger and unemployment; and ensure a sustainable, promising future for communities around the world.

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“I think [by] supporting the funding required for the youth, the training required and making the integration of technology to open up opportunities, is enough to sustain job creation for young Africans, [and] to empower our small farmers to to ensure that they can earn a living and earn a decent living for themselves and their families,” Ifedi said.

With training and financial support from Uganda, Muhammed turned subsistence farming into a profitable business. “I want to encourage my youth around the world to engage in farming, to engage in agriculture to raise their standard of living,” he said. Photo by James Akena/ International.

And the opportunities are not limited to the farm, Ifedi added. We can unlock potential and employ young people throughout the value chain, including processing, transportation and equipment maintenance.

We’re talking about “the ability to go beyond the traditional way of solving problems, to create new ways to solve those problems that also create new jobs,” Ifedi said.

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Research will support these efforts, informing investments in advanced technologies to accelerate progress

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