Low White And Red Blood Cell Count And Low Hemoglobin – Blood cell disorders are conditions that affect any type of blood cell – red and white blood cells, as well as platelets. All of these cells are formed in your bone marrow. When some disorder interferes with the function of one of these cells, it may damage some of the blood cells and the functions they provide. .

Here are some benign blood conditions that affect blood cells and platelets. To help patients better understand each condition, we’ve included symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic tools, and treatment options for each of these mild blood conditions.

Low White And Red Blood Cell Count And Low Hemoglobin

What is Anemia? Anemia is a blood cell disorder that affects the function of red blood cells. If you suffer from anemia, your body doesn’t have the healthy blood cells it needs to carry oxygen to the rest of your body. Anemia is also sometimes called low hemoglobin. .

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The signs and symptoms associated with anemia depend on the severity and type of anemia that has been diagnosed. In addition, anemia sometimes has no symptoms. However, some symptoms that may be indicative of anemia include:

Anemia is often associated with certain vitamin and mineral deficiencies, chronic conditions, and intestinal disorders. In addition, other risk factors for anemia include pregnancy, menstruation, age, and family history of anemia.

To diagnose anemia, a hematologist may recommend a complete blood count (FBC), which will provide information about the level of red blood cells in the blood.

If it is due to a dietary deficiency, low-nutrient supplements (folate, iron or vitamin B12) may be sufficient. If there are other causes, treatment should be directed.

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Iron deficiency anemia is a common form of anemia when the body does not have enough iron to produce hemoglobin.

Some of the common symptoms of iron deficiency anemia are general fatigue, unusual weakness, pale skin, tingling sensation in the legs, swelling and soreness of the tongue, brittle nails, and frequent headaches.

Iron deficiency anemia is usually caused by poor food intake, blood loss, increased iron requirements during pregnancy, and reduced iron absorption from the diet. Risk factors for iron deficiency include age, genetic conditions, and lifestyle choices.

A hematologist may recommend several tests to diagnose iron deficiency anemia. These tests may include a complete blood count (FBC), an iron profile, and additional diagnostic tests may be needed, such as a colonoscopy and endoscopy to rule out intestinal causes.

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Treatment options for iron deficiency anemia may include oral iron supplements, intravenous iron infusions, and red blood cell transfusions.

You can find more information about iron deficiency anemia, symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options here.

Aplastic anemia is a rare and serious condition in which the body does not produce enough blood cells. This makes the body tired and can increase the risk of uncontrolled bleeding and infection.

Some risk factors for aplastic anemia include exposure to toxic chemicals, radiation or chemotherapy in cancer treatment, certain prescription medications, pregnancy, and autoimmune disorders.

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Treatment for aplastic anemia depends on the age and severity of the patient’s condition. Treatment aims to restore blood cell production. It can resolve spontaneously without treatment if the condition is mild, although this is not very common. Patients require blood and platelet transfusions to prevent and control infection.

Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder that affects the production of red blood cells. Abnormal blood production means that the affected person does not make a sufficient number of functional red blood cells.

There are several types of thalassemia, and the most common are alpha and beta thalassemia. Clinically, thalassemia patients can have thalassemia minor or thalassemia major.

Symptoms of thalassemia can vary, and some people have no visible symptoms, while others develop symptoms in their teens. Some of the most common symptoms include:

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For our hematologists to diagnose thalassemia, they can recommend a complete blood count (FBC). More specific blood tests such as hemoglobin electrophoresis and red cell genotyping are needed to clarify the diagnosis of thalassemia and define thalassemia subgroups.

Depending on the type of thalassemia that has been diagnosed, treatment options may vary – some forms of thalassemia do not require treatment. However, if you need treatment, a hematologist can recommend iron chelation, blood transfusion, bone marrow or blood stem cell transplantation.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a blood condition where a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a blood vessel deep in the body, usually in the leg or arm. This causes the blood flow through the veins to be completely or partially blocked, resulting in painful, red and swollen limbs.

Various risk factors increase your chances of developing deep vein thrombosis. These include prolonged bed rest or prolonged sitting, age, being overweight, smoking, cancer, heart failure, genetics, birth control pills, and pregnancy.

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Ultrasound is usually used to diagnose deep vein thrombosis. This allows our hematologists to check whether your blood is flowing normally through your veins.

The recommended treatment is an anticoagulant, a drug that will thin the blood and prevent the clot from getting bigger and preventing it from breaking off and causing a pulmonary embolism. Blood clots will naturally dissolve in the body over time.

Pulmonary embolism refers to a condition where a blood clot (thrombus) lodges in a blood vessel in the lungs. PE usually begins as a clot in a deep vein (also known as deep vein thrombosis or DVT) in the leg that breaks off and flows to the lungs. This can be a life-threatening condition if not treated quickly.

Some common symptoms of pulmonary embolism include difficulty breathing, coughing up blood, and pain in the chest or upper back.

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The most common risk factors for pulmonary embolism include inherited conditions (blood clotting disorders), being inactive for a long time, and a history of cancer or receiving chemotherapy.

A hematologist may order certain blood tests (including a test known as D-dimer), ECG, pulmonary angiogram, chest x-ray, and other diagnostic tests to diagnose pulmonary embolism.

Depending on the patient’s overall health, various treatment options may be recommended for pulmonary embolism. These include anticoagulant medications, compression stockings, and thrombolytic therapy.

You can find more information about pulmonary embolism, treatment options, and the potential risks and side effects of anticoagulant medications here.

Blood And Bone Marrow

Immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disorder that causes a low platelet count, resulting in abnormal bleeding and bruising.

Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia who have a platelet count of more than 50 may not show any signs of the disease. A low platelet count is usually detected during routine blood tests in these cases. People with very low platelet count may experience symptoms such as petechiae (pin prick rash), bruising, purpura (purple spots on the skin), bleeding from the nose and gums, heavy menstruation and fatigue.

Some risk factors for immune thrombocytopenia include sex, which is found to be more common in women, and diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia who have a platelet count of more than 50 may not show any signs of the disease. A low platelet count is usually detected during routine blood tests in these cases.

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Patients with mild ITP usually do not require active treatment. However, the platelet count should be monitored regularly. ITP treatment aims to increase the number of platelets and suppress the immune system to reduce platelet destruction.

First-line treatments for ITP include steroids, such as prednisolone, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). This helps reduce the immune response and prevent platelet destruction.

Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is one of the most common bleeding disorders that occurs due to low levels or improper function of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in the blood.

Symptoms of vWD may be too mild to notice or very rare and frequent. Symptoms can begin at any age and may include lumpy bruises, blood in the urine and stools, and prolonged bleeding. In addition, patients with vWD may experience symptoms similar to anemia, such as weakness and fatigue.

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To diagnose von Willebrand Disease, a hematologist may ask about your family history. In addition, our doctor will check for unusual bruising and conduct a blood test to determine how your blood clots.

Currently, there is no cure for vWD. However, the condition can be controlled using other drugs and therapies such as antifibrinolytic agents, Desmopressin, and replacement therapy.

Hereditary red cell disorders are genetically inherited disorders. Two common types of inherited red cell disorders are sickle cell disease and thalassemia. .

Genetic mutations cause thalassemia, and these mutations block the body’s normal production of hemoglobin. As mentioned, without enough hemoglobin, oxygen cannot be transported to the rest of the body. Without enough oxygen, your organs cannot function properly. This can lead to conditions such as an enlarged spleen, heart problems, bone defects, and delayed development and growth in children. .

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Treatment for thalassemia is generally blood transfusion and folic supplementation. A handle

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