What Is The Function Of The Gallbladder – The gallbladder is an elongated, pear-shaped organ that can hold 30 to 50 milliliters of fluid. Muscle contractions not only store bile, but also concentrate it and then release it into the duodenum.

Bile is beneficial for lipid digestion. These include bile salts as well as bile pigments such as biliverdin and bilirubin. In some cases, the gallbladder may need to be removed, but this will not change or improve the situation. Radio-opaque substances that are excreted out of the body through bile are also concentrated in bile. It is therefore used in the process of cholecystography, which uses X-rays to show the cystic cavity and its ability to contract and concentrate.

What Is The Function Of The Gallbladder

What Is The Function Of The Gallbladder

The most common warning signs of gallbladder pain are shoulder pain, nausea, pain in the right and center of the abdomen, and shoulder pain.

Digestive System Function As A Digestion Anatomy Concept Including Liver Pancreas And Gallbladder With A Stomach Large Intestine Stock Photo

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What Is The Function Of The Gallbladder

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What Are Gallstones?

Just below the right lobe of the liver is the hollow, pear-shaped gallbladder. When full of bile, which helps digest food, the organ can grow up to 8 to 10 centimeters (cm) long and 4 cm wide.

Unless you have gallstones or had your gallbladder surgically removed, you probably never think about it. And that’s okay. But if it’s causing significant pain or other problems, you may need to abandon this tiny organ.

The liver works hard to make dark green bile, which helps with digestion, but the gallbladder holds on to the bile until it’s actually needed, says Erin Gilbert, MD, assistant professor of surgery at Oregon Health & Science University in Portland. “This concentrates the bile into a form that is best used for digestion,” says Dr. Gilbert. “When you eat, bile is squeezed out of the gallbladder and through the common bile duct into the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.”

The liver produces 500 to 1,000 ml of bile per day, but the gallbladder concentrates that bile up to 10 times and can store 30 to 50 ml of dense bile.

What Is Bile Duct Cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)?

Gallstones form when one of two substances, cholesterol or bilirubin, becomes supersaturated and crystallizes in bile. It’s like when someone makes rock candy, the sugar crystallizes. Bilirubin is a brownish-yellow substance found in bile that is produced when old red blood cells are destroyed in the liver. The body normally eliminates bilirubin through the intestines (it causes stool color). Gallstones caused by bilirubin are rarer than those formed by hardened cholesterol and are more common in people with blood disorders such as sickle cell anemia.

What is the best diet for a healthy gallbladder? “Most gallbladder stones are formed from cholesterol, so eating a low-cholesterol, low-fat diet is best for gallbladder health,” says Cathleen Khandelwal, MD, a general surgeon at the Cleveland Clinic.

Any diet that is “heart healthy” is also “gallbladder healthy.” This means a diet that includes healthy monounsaturated fats, such as nuts, avocados, seeds, olives, peanut butter, and the oils in these products. Polyunsaturated fats should also be part of a balanced diet and are found in fatty fish, walnuts, flax seeds and vegetable oils. Avoiding foods that raise cholesterol levels also reduces the risk of gallstones.

What Is The Function Of The Gallbladder

But just as important as what you eat is how often you eat it. “Eating one large meal a day increases the likelihood of stones because bile stays in the gallbladder for a long time before being excreted,” says Gilbert. The longer bile stays in the bile, the longer it takes for cholesterol in the bile to become supersaturated and crystallize into gallstones.

Liver And Gallbladder: Anatomy, Location And Functions

In addition to a healthy diet, a healthy weight keeps your gallbladder functioning well. Obese people have a higher risk of developing gallstones, but this doesn’t mean you have to go on a crash diet to lose weight. Rapid weight loss can also cause gallstones, says Gilbert. It’s okay to lose weight, but “you don’t want to lose it all at once,” she says.

Another way to prevent stones is to control your cholesterol, such as taking statins if your cholesterol levels are high. Some evidence supports regular vitamin C supplementation to prevent gallstones, and strangely enough, drinking coffee also appears to have some benefit in preventing gallstones formed due to cholesterol.

In addition to people who are obese, eat a poor or high-fat diet, or have high cholesterol levels, pregnant women are also more likely to develop gallstones and may need to be extra careful with fatty foods during pregnancy. People with certain blood disorders, such as sickle cell anemia, may be at higher risk of developing stones caused by bilirubin.

Older people and people of certain ethnicities, such as Native Americans, are also at higher risk for gallstones, and having a family history of them can double your risk of developing gallstones. Certain medications, such as oral contraceptives, may increase your risk of gallstones, but the increased risk is small and should not prevent you from taking the medications you need.

What Is Gallbladder Function, Disease & Treatment

In fact, up to 12% of the population has gallstones, but only a small percentage cause problems, says Gilbert.

Up to 80 percent of people experience no symptoms of gallstones at all and don’t need to do anything about them, says Gilbert. But if there’s a problem, you’ll usually know. She said the pain could be severe. “The pain is typically described as sharp, stabbing, and very excruciating—a 10 on a scale of 1 to 10,” says Gilbert. Pain most commonly occurs after eating fatty foods. Because “fat is the most powerful cause of gallbladder emptying.”

The gallbladder is located below the breastbone and can radiate into the back, says Dr. Khandelwal. She adds that it can last for several hours and may be accompanied by nausea.

What Is The Function Of The Gallbladder

But the pain can also be a dull ache on the right side, like heartburn from an upset stomach or bloating, says Gilbert.

What To Do If You Don’t Have A Gallbladder?

The best test for gallstones is an ultrasound. “It’s fast, safe, gives a lot of information about the shape of the gallbladder, and is very accurate,” says Gilbert. Ultrasound technology can see gallbladder irritations, such as gallstones or thick walls or fluid around the gallbladder.

Some patients may be referred for a second type of test called a HIDA (hepatobiliary) scan. In this test, a radioactive chemical is injected into your arm and a technician watches what happens when it reaches the gallbladder. Typically, HIDA scans are only performed on patients who have another underlying condition or who have symptoms of gallbladder pain but do not have stones on ultrasound.

If it doesn’t cause symptoms or passes like a lucky few, it’s nothing. “But if problems arise, the gallbladder may need to be removed,” says Gilbert. If you are experiencing pain called biliary colic or developing a gallbladder infection called cholecystitis, gallbladder surgery is likely.

“If a stone gets out of the gallbladder and travels down the duct, it can cause some pretty serious complications, so it’s important to deal with it if there’s a problem,” says Khandelwal.

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Herniated stones can cause obstruction in the ducts, causing jaundice or pancreatitis, says Gilbert. Any of these symptoms may require gallbladder surgery, called a cholecystectomy.

If you need a cholecystectomy or gallbladder removal surgery, you will usually be off work for about 1 to 2 weeks. Laparoscopic surgery is performed through a single incision.

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