What Is The Cause Of Bright Red Blood In Stool – Medically Reviewed by Valinda Riggins Nwadike, MD, MPH – By Jamie Eske – Updated April 14, 2023

The color of a person’s blood can indicate various health conditions. For example, orange or gray blood can indicate a vaginal infection, while dark brown or red blood can be an early sign of pregnancy.

What Is The Cause Of Bright Red Blood In Stool

During menstruation, the body expels tissue and blood from the uterus through the vagina. This bloody discharge can vary in color from bright red to dark brown or black depending on age.

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Blood that remains in the uterus long enough reacts with oxygen (oxidizes). Oxidized blood appears darker.

In this article, we present the menstrual blood chart and discuss what the different colors of period blood mean. We’ll also look at period discoloration, what clots mean, and when to see a doctor.

Black blood can appear at the beginning or end of a person’s period. The color is usually a sign of old blood or blood that has left the womb and has had time to oxidize, first turning brown or dark red and then turning black.

Black blood can sometimes also indicate a blockage inside a person’s vagina. Other symptoms of vaginal blockage may include:

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Like black blood, brown or dark red color is a sign of old blood, which can appear at the beginning or end of the period. Brown or dark red blood does not have a long oxidation time like black blood and can appear in different shades.

Brown blood or spotting can sometimes be an early sign of pregnancy, which doctors call implantation bleeding.

Brown discharge or spotting during pregnancy can indicate a miscarriage or an ectopic pregnancy, which means the fertilized egg is implanted in the fallopian tube instead of the uterus.

It is important for women who experience spotting or vaginal bleeding during pregnancy to talk to their doctor or midwife.

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Dark red or brown vaginal discharge after childbirth is called lochia or postpartum bleeding. Lochia is nothing to worry about and is the body’s way of expelling excess blood and tissue from the uterus.

Lochia usually starts with bright red blood and then turns to a darker shade as the flow decreases. Over time, the discharge will become lighter in color and quantity.

The duration of lochia varies from person to person, but usually passes within the first few months after birth. Women who experience heavy bleeding after giving birth should consult a doctor.

Not all women experience lochia after childbirth. Due to changes in hormone levels, women may experience irregular periods even after giving birth.

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Bright red blood indicates fresh blood and a steady flow. Menstruation may begin with bright red bleeding and darken by the end of the period. Some people may find that their blood stays bright red throughout their period.

Unusual spotting or bleeding between menstrual cycles can be a sign of a sexually transmitted infection such as chlamydia or gonorrhea. A growth in the lining of the uterus called a polyp or fibroid can also cause unusually heavy bleeding.

Hormonal birth control can lower estrogen levels in the body, which can lead to a lighter, pinkish discharge during your period.

Sexual intercourse can cause small tears in the vagina or cervix. These tears can mix with blood and vaginal fluid and leave a person’s body as a pink discharge.

Red Blood In Stool (poop)

During pregnancy, pink discharge that contains tissue and appears with cramps can indicate a miscarriage. For women with vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, it is very important to consult a doctor or obstetrician.

Orange-colored blood or discharge often indicates an infection such as bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis. People with orange-colored blood should check for other symptoms, such as vaginal itching, discomfort, and foul-smelling discharge.

While orange period blood or discharge doesn’t always indicate an infection, it’s a good idea to see your doctor or gynecologist for an evaluation.

Gray discharge is usually a sign of bacterial vaginosis, which is caused by an imbalance between good and bad bacteria in the vagina.

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People with symptoms of bacterial vaginosis should see a doctor or gynecologist. Doctors usually prescribe antibiotics to treat bacterial vaginosis.

In the later stages of pregnancy, gray discharge containing clots may indicate a miscarriage. Women who experience bleeding during pregnancy should consult a doctor or obstetrician.

Hormonal changes, as well as a person’s diet, lifestyle, age and environment, can all cause changes in menstrual blood.

It can vary from bright red to dark brown depending on the changes in blood flow during the period. Infection, pregnancy, and rarely cervical cancer can cause unusual blood color or irregular bleeding.

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A person should see a doctor if they have bleeding that requires a tampon or pad change after less than 2 hours.

A healthy menstrual blood may contain visible parts of the uterine lining. These small pieces of tissue or clots in the blood are nothing to worry about.

, menorrhagia is abnormal menstrual bleeding in a person or periods that last more than 7 days.

Anyone who is pregnant and notices any bleeding or unusual vaginal discharge should talk to their doctor or midwife.

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However, everyone’s period is different, and blood can change color and consistency from one period to another and from month to month. That’s why it’s so important for people to learn what’s normal for them.

Blood during a healthy period usually varies from bright red to dark brown or black. Orange or gray blood or discharge may indicate an infection. Women who experience bleeding during pregnancy should see a doctor or obstetrician for evaluation.

Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and sources only peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutes, medical journals and associations. We do not use third-party links. We link to primary sources in each article, including studies, academic references, and statistics, and list them in the sources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and up-to-date by reading our editorial policy. Hematochezia refers to the passage of fresh, bright red blood in the stool and usually indicates lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. . The lower gastrointestinal tract is defined anatomically as the region distal to the ligament of Treitz, a thin band of tissue that connects and supports the end of the duodenum and the beginning of the jejunum. Hematochezia should not be confused with melena, which refers to the passage of black, resinous stool originating from the upper gastrointestinal tract proximal to the ligament of Treitz.

The causes of hematochezia in adults are usually inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis; hemorrhoids; and bleeding from a diverticulum in the colon. In addition, peptic ulcer disease and esophageal varices are causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and can lead to hematochezia in severe cases.

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Ulcerative colitis is a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease that involves an autoimmune attack on the large intestine (ie, the large intestine), resulting in inflammation and ulceration of the lining. appears. Severe ulcerative colitis can cause hematochezia due to bleeding from the ulcer.

Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower part of the rectum that can be painless or painful depending on their internal or external location. They are usually caused by straining during bowel movements and are associated with obesity and pregnancy. When the walls of the blood vessels in hemorrhoids are stretched too thin as a result of increased pressure in the lower part of the rectum, hematochezia can occur, usually due to tension.

Diverticulosis is a condition where small pouches (i.e., diverticula) form and push out through the colon wall, which can cause bleeding. Genetics, as well as a high-fat, low-fiber diet, make a person more likely to develop diverticular pouches.

Peptic ulcer disease occurs when the protective lining of the stomach and duodenum is eroded by infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria or long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). If the ulcer is severe, it can bleed rapidly and should be treated immediately because of the risk of hypovolemic shock.

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Esophageal varices refer to the presence of dilated veins in the esophagus due to obstruction of flow through the portal vein, often caused by severe scarring of the liver. Blood pooling can lead to rupture of the esophageal vein, which manifests as massive blood loss and melena (i.e., black, tarry stools) or hematochezia.

In the elderly, an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) can cause multiple, often minor, bleeding episodes. An AVM is a vascular lesion that can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, usually in the colon, and is associated with advanced age; chronic kidney disease; and certain types of heart disease, such as aortic stenosis. Less common causes of colonic bleeding in adults include cancer and ischemic colitis (ie, inflammation of the colon).

Causes of hematochezia in newborns include necrotizing enterocolitis and midgut volvulus. Necrotic enterocolitis refers to tissue death in parts of the large intestine due to decreased blood flow and swelling in the middle part of the intestine.

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