What Could Low White Blood Cells Mean – Blood cell disorders are conditions that affect any of your blood cells: these are your red and white blood cells, and even your platelets. All these cells are formed in your bone marrow. Although some disorders disrupt the function of one of these cells, they can also affect several blood cells and their specific function. .

Below are some common benign blood conditions that affect blood cells and platelets. To help our patients better understand each condition, we’ve included the symptoms, risk factors, means of diagnosis, and treatment options for each of these benign blood conditions.

What Could Low White Blood Cells Mean

What is anemia? Anemia is a blood cell disorder that affects the function of your red blood cells. If you suffer from anemia, your body lacks the healthy blood cells needed to carry oxygen to the rest of your body. Anemia is also sometimes referred to as low hemoglobin. .

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Signs and symptoms related to anemia depend on the severity and type of anemia you have been diagnosed with. Also, sometimes anemia can occur without symptoms. However, some symptoms that may be indicative of anemia include:

Anemia is often related to a lack of specific vitamins and minerals, chronic diseases, and intestinal disorders. Additionally, other risk factors for anemia include pregnancy, menstruation, age, and a family history of anemia.

To diagnose anemia, our hematologists may recommend a complete blood count (CBC), which will tell us the level of red blood cells present in the blood.

If dietary deficiency is due, supplementation of the deficient nutrients (folate, iron, or vitamin B12) may be appropriate. If there are other causes, treatment should be directed accordingly.

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Iron deficiency anemia is a common form of anemia when the body does not have enough iron to make hemoglobin.

Some common symptoms of iron deficiency anemia are general fatigue, unusual weakness, pale skin, tingling sensation in the legs, swelling and soreness of the tongue, brittle nails and frequent headaches.

Iron deficiency anemia usually results from low dietary intake, blood loss, increased iron requirements during pregnancy, and reduced dietary iron absorption. Risk factors for iron deficiency include age, genetic conditions, and lifestyle choices.

Our hematologists can recommend a series of tests to diagnose iron deficiency anemia. These tests may include a complete blood count (CBC), an iron profile, and additional diagnostic tests such as a colonoscopy and endoscopy may be necessary to rule out any intestinal cause.

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Treatment options for iron deficiency anemia may include oral iron supplements, intravenous iron infusion, and red blood cell transfusion.

You can find more information about iron deficiency anemia, its symptoms, risk factors and treatment options here.

Aplastic anemia is a rare and serious condition when the body produces inadequate blood cells. This makes the body feel fatigued and can increase the risk of uncontrolled bleeding and infection.

Some risk factors for aplastic anemia include exposure to toxic chemicals, radiation or chemotherapy in cancer treatment, certain prescription medications, pregnancy, and autoimmune disorders.

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Treatment of aplastic anemia depends on the age and severity of the patient’s condition. Treatment aims to restore blood cell production. It may resolve spontaneously without treatment if the condition is mild, although this is not very common. Patients are likely to need blood and platelet transfusions to prevent and control infections.

Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder that affects the production of red blood cells. Abnormal blood production means that affected individuals do not produce adequate amounts of functional red blood cells.

There are several types of thalassemia, and the most common forms are alpha and beta thalassemia. Clinically, patients with thalassemia may present with thalassemia minor or thalassemia major.

Symptoms of thalassemia can vary, with some people having no visible symptoms, while others develop symptoms later in their teens. Some of the more common symptoms include:

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In order for our hematologists to diagnose thalassemia, they may recommend a complete blood count (CBC). More specific blood tests such as hemoglobin electrophoresis and red blood cell genotyping are needed to clarify the diagnosis of thalassemia and determine the thalassemia subgroup.

Depending on the type of thalassemia you have been diagnosed with, treatment options may vary; some forms of thalassemia do not require treatment. However, if you need treatment, our hematologists may recommend iron chelation, blood transfusions, bone marrow or blood stem cell transplants.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood condition in which a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a blood vessel deep in the body, usually in the leg or arm. This causes the blood flow through the vein to be completely or partially blocked, causing the affected limb to be painful, red and swollen.

Several risk factors increase your chances of developing deep vein thrombosis. These include prolonged bed rest or sitting for long periods, age, being overweight, smoking, cancer, heart failure, genetics, birth control pills, and pregnancy.

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Ultrasound is commonly used in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. It allows our hematologists to check whether your blood is circulating normally in your veins.

The recommended treatment is an anticoagulant, a medicine that will thin the blood and prevent the clot from getting bigger and preventing it from breaking off and causing a pulmonary embolism. The blood clot will naturally dissolve in your body over time.

Pulmonary embolism refers to a condition in which a blood clot (thrombus) becomes lodged in a blood vessel in the lung. A PE usually starts as a clot in the deep veins (also known as deep vein thrombosis, or DVT) in the leg that has broken off and flowed to the lungs. This can be a life-threatening condition if not treated quickly.

Some common symptoms of pulmonary embolism include difficulty breathing, coughing up blood, and chest or upper back pain.

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The most common risk factors for pulmonary embolism include hereditary conditions (blood clotting disorders), being immobile for long periods, and a history of cancer or receiving chemotherapy.

Our hematologists may order specific blood tests (including a test known as D-dimer), an EKG, a pulmonary angiogram, a chest X-ray, and other diagnostic tests to diagnose pulmonary embolism.

Depending on the patient’s overall health, several treatment options may be recommended for pulmonary embolism. These include anticoagulant medications, compression stockings, and thrombolytic therapy.

You can find more information about pulmonary embolism, its treatment options, and the potential risks and side effects of blood-thinning medications here.

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Immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disorder that causes low platelet counts, leading to abnormal bleeding and bruising.

Patients with immune thrombocytopenia who have a platelet count greater than 50 may not have any signs of the disease. The low platelet count is usually detected during a routine blood test in these cases. People with very low platelet counts may develop symptoms such as petechiae (skin rash), bruising, purpura (purple spots on the skin), nose and gum bleeding, heavy menstrual periods and fatigue.

Some risk factors for immune thrombocytopenia include sex, which has been found to be more common in women, and diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Patients with immune thrombocytopenia who have a platelet count greater than 50 may not have any signs of the disease. The low platelet count is usually detected during a routine blood test in these cases.

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Patients with mild ITP usually do not require any active treatment. However, your platelet count should be monitored regularly. Treatment for ITP aims to increase platelet counts and suppress the body’s immune system to reduce the destruction of platelets.

First-line treatments for ITP include steroids, such as prednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). These help to decrease the immune response and prevent the destruction of platelets.

Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is one of the most common bleeding disorders that occurs due to low levels or improper functioning of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in the blood.

Symptoms of vWD can be too mild to notice or extremely severe and frequent. Symptoms can start at any age and can include lumpy bruising, blood in the urine and stool, and prolonged bleeding. In addition, patients with vWD may notice symptoms similar to anemia, such as weakness and fatigue.

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To diagnose von Willebrand disease, our hematologists may ask questions about your family history. In addition, our doctor will check for unusual bruising and perform blood tests to determine how blood clots.

Currently, there is no cure for vWD. However, the condition can be controlled with medications and other therapies such as antifibrinolytic agents, desmopressin, and replacement therapies.

Hereditary red blood cell disorders are disorders that are passed down genetically. Two common types of inherited red blood cell disorders are sickle cell disease and thalassemia. .

A genetic mutation causes thalassemia, and these mutations make it difficult for the body to produce normal hemoglobin. As mentioned, without enough hemoglobin, oxygen cannot be transported to the rest of the body. Without enough oxygen, your organs will not be able to function properly. This can lead to conditions such as an enlarged spleen, heart problems, bone deformities and delays in both development and growth in children. .

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Treatment for thalassemia is usually blood transfusions and folic supplements. A stem

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