What Causes Low White Blood Cell Count – Blood cell disorders are conditions that affect any of your blood cells – these are your red and white blood cells and even your platelets. All of these cells form in your bone marrow. While some disorders disrupt the function of one of these cells, they can also damage multiple blood cells and their given function. .

Below are some common benign blood disorders that affect one’s blood cells and platelets. To help our patients better understand each condition, we’ve included the symptoms, risk factors, means of diagnosis, and treatment options for each of these benign blood disorders.

What Causes Low White Blood Cell Count

What is anemia? Anemia is a blood cell disorder that affects the function of your red blood cells. If you have anemia, your body does not have the healthy blood cells needed to carry oxygen to the rest of your body. Anemia is also sometimes referred to as low hemoglobin. .

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The signs and symptoms associated with anemia depend on the severity and type of anemia you have been diagnosed with. In addition, anemia can sometimes occur without symptoms. However, some symptoms that may be indicative of anemia include:

Anemia is often associated with a lack of certain vitamins and minerals, chronic diseases and intestinal disorders. Additionally, other risk factors for anemia include pregnancy, menstruation, age, and a family history of anemia.

To diagnose anemia, our haematologists may recommend a complete blood count (FBC), which will tell us the level of red blood cells in your blood.

If it is due to a nutritional deficiency, supplementation of the deficient nutrients (folic acid, iron or vitamin B12) may be sufficient. If there are other causes, treatment should be directed accordingly.

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Iron deficiency anemia is a common form of anemia when the body does not have enough iron to make hemoglobin.

Some common symptoms of iron deficiency anemia are general fatigue, unusual weakness, pale skin, tingling in the feet, swollen and sore tongue, brittle nails, and frequent headaches.

Iron deficiency anemia usually results from low dietary intake, blood loss, increased need for iron during pregnancy, and decreased absorption of iron from one’s diet. Risk factors for iron deficiency include age, genetic conditions, and lifestyle choices.

Our hematologists may recommend a series of tests to diagnose iron deficiency anemia. These tests may include a complete blood count (FBC), iron profile, and additional diagnostic tests such as a colonoscopy and endoscopy may be required to rule out any bowel causes.

What Are The Symptoms Of A Low White Blood Cell Count?

Treatment options for iron deficiency anemia may include oral iron supplements, intravenous iron infusion, and red blood cell transfusion.

You can find more information about iron deficiency anemia, its symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options here.

Aplastic anemia is a rare and serious condition when insufficient blood cells are produced in the body. This causes the body to feel tired and can increase the risk of both uncontrolled bleeding and infections.

Some risk factors for aplastic anemia include exposure to toxic chemicals, radiation or chemotherapy to treat cancer, certain prescription medications, pregnancy, and autoimmune disorders.

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Treatment of aplastic anemia depends on the age and severity of the patient’s condition. Treatment aims to restore blood cell production. It may resolve spontaneously without treatment if the condition is mild, although this is not very common. Patients are likely to need blood and platelet transfusions to prevent and control infections.

Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder that affects the production of red blood cells. Abnormal blood production means that affected individuals do not produce sufficient amounts of functional red blood cells.

There are several types of thalassemia and the most common forms are alpha and beta thalassemia. Clinically, patients with thalassemia may present with thalassemia minor or thalassemia major.

Thalassemia symptoms can vary, and some people have no visible symptoms, while others develop symptoms later in adolescence. Some of the more common symptoms include:

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In order for our hematologists to diagnose thalassemia, they may recommend a complete blood count (FBC). More specific blood tests such as hemoglobin electrophoresis and red blood cell genotyping are needed to clarify the diagnosis of thalassemia and to determine the thalassemia subgroup.

Depending on the type of thalassemia you have been diagnosed with, treatment options may differ – some forms of thalassemia do not require treatment. However, if you need treatment, our hematologists at may recommend iron chelation, blood transfusions, bone marrow or blood stem cell transplants.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood condition in which a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a blood vessel located deep in the body, usually in the leg or arm. This results in a complete or partial blockage of blood flow through the vein, causing the affected limb to become painful, red and swollen.

Several risk factors increase your chances of developing deep vein thrombosis. These include prolonged bed or sitting rest for long periods, age, being overweight, smoking, cancer, heart failure, genetics, birth control pills and pregnancy.

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Ultrasound is commonly used to diagnose deep vein thrombosis. It allows our haematologists to check whether your blood is flowing normally through your veins.

The recommended treatment is an anticoagulant, a medicine that will thin the blood and stop the clot from getting bigger and stopping it from breaking off and causing a pulmonary embolism. The blood clot will naturally dissolve in your body over time.

Pulmonary embolism refers to a condition in which a blood clot (thrombus) lodges in a blood vessel in the lung. A PE usually starts as a clot in the deep veins (also known as deep vein thrombosis, or DVT) in the broken leg that flows to the lungs. This can be a life-threatening condition if not treated quickly.

Some common symptoms of pulmonary embolism include difficulty breathing, coughing up blood, and chest or upper back pain.

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The most common risk factors for pulmonary embolism include hereditary conditions (blood clotting disorders), long periods of immobility, and a history of cancer or receiving chemotherapy.

Our hematologists may order specific blood tests (including a test known as D-dimer), an EKG, a pulmonary angiogram, a chest X-ray, and other diagnostic tests to diagnose pulmonary embolism.

Depending on the patient’s overall health, different treatment options for pulmonary embolism may be recommended. These include anticoagulant medications, compression stockings, and thrombolytic therapy.

You can find more information about pulmonary embolism, its treatment options, and the potential risks and side effects of anticoagulant medications here.

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Immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disorder that causes low platelet counts, leading to abnormal bleeding and bruising.

Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia who have a platelet count greater than 50 may not show signs of the disease. A low platelet count is usually detected during a routine blood test in these cases. People with very low platelet counts may develop symptoms such as petechiae (pinprick rash), bruising, purpura (purple spots on the skin), nose and gum bleeding, heavy menstrual periods and fatigue.

Some risk factors for immune thrombocytopenia include sex, which has been found to be more common in women, and diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia who have a platelet count greater than 50 may not show signs of the disease. A low platelet count is usually detected during a routine blood test in these cases.

Low White Blood Cell Count

Patients with mild ITP usually do not need any active treatment. However, their platelet count should be monitored regularly. Treatment of ITP aims to increase the number of platelets and suppress the body’s immune system to reduce platelet destruction.

First-line treatments for ITP include steroids, such as prednisolone, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). These help by reducing the immune response and preventing platelet destruction.

Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is one of the most common bleeding disorders that occurs due to low levels or improper function of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in the blood.

Symptoms of vWD can be either too mild to notice or extremely severe and frequent. Symptoms can start at any age and can include massive bruising, blood in the urine and stool, and long-term bleeding. In addition, patients with vWD may experience symptoms similar to anemia, such as weakness and fatigue.

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To diagnose von Willebrand disease, our hematologists may ask questions about your family history. In addition, our doctor will check for unusual bruising and do blood tests to determine how your blood clots.

Currently, there is no cure for vWD. However, the condition can be controlled using drugs and other treatments, such as antifibrinolytic agents, desmopressin, and replacement therapies.

Hereditary red blood cell disorders are disorders that are passed down genetically. Two common types of inherited red blood cell disorders are sickle cell anemia and thalassemia. .

A genetic mutation causes thalassemia and these mutations prevent the normal production of hemoglobin in the body. As mentioned, without sufficient hemoglobin, oxygen cannot be carried to the rest of the body. Without enough oxygen, your organs won’t be able to function well. This can lead to conditions such as an enlarged spleen, heart problems, bone deformities and delays in both growth and development in children. .

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Treatment for thalassemia is generally blood transfusions and folic acid supplements. A strain

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