Parts Of The Nose And Their Function – The external nose is a visible component of the face, projecting above it and letting into the nasal cavity. This article will discuss the anatomy of the external nose – its skeletal structure, muscles, blood supply and function.

The outer nose is said to be pyramidal in shape. The root of the nose is located on top, and is continuous with the forehead. The tip of the nose ends low in a rounded ‘tip’. Between the root and the apex is the dorsum of the nose.

Parts Of The Nose And Their Function

Located just below the apex are the nares; piriform openings into the vestibule of the nasal cavity. The nostrils are bounded medially by the nasal septum, and laterally by the ala nasi (cartilaginous lateral wings of the nose).

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Although the skin over the bony part of the nose is thin, there are many sebaceous glands over the thicker cartilaginous part. This skin extends into the vestibule of the nose through the nares. Here there are hairs that act to filter air as it enters the respiratory system.

Saddle nose deformity occurs primarily as a result of nasal trauma; in which the septic support of the nose is lost, after which the middle part of the nose appears to be sunken. This is the result of direct damage to the septal bone or cartilage, or the result of a nasal septal hematoma.

Because cartilage has no blood supply of its own, it relies on oxygen and nutrients diffused from blood vessels in the surrounding perichondrium. A hematoma between these two structures can lead to destruction of the septum, and thus deformity of the nose.

Several small muscles insert into the outer nose, contributing to facial expression. All these muscles are innervated by branches of the facial nerve (CN VII).

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The procerus muscle arises from the fascia above the nasal bone and the lateral nasal cartilage, inserting into the inferior forehead. Contraction can reduce the medial eyebrows, and the skin of the superior dorsum wrinkles.

The transverse part of the nasalis muscle assists the procerus muscle in this action. Meanwhile the alar part of the nasalis arises from the maxilla, inserting into the great alar cartilage. This allows the muscle to relax and “taste” the nares. The depressor septi nasi helps in this action.

The skin of the external nose receives an arterial supply from branches of the maxillary and ophthalmic arteries. The septum and alar cartilages receive an additional supply from the angular artery and lateral nasal artery. These are the two branches of the facial artery (derived from the external carotid artery).

Lymphatic drainage from the external nose is through superficial lymph vessels attached to the facial vein. Finally, these vessels, like all lymphatic vessels of the head and neck, drain into the deep cervical lymph nodes.

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The venous drainage of the nose and surrounding area is unique as a result of communication between the facial vein and cavernous sinus, via the ophthalmic vein.

As the cavernous sinus lies within the cranial cavity, this allows infections from the nasal area to spread to the brain. This retrograde spread of infection can therefore lead to cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis or brain abscess.

The sensory innervation of the external nose is derived from the trigeminal nerve (CN V). The external nasal nerve, a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V

), supplies the skin of the dorsum of the nose, nasal alae and nasal vestibule. The infraorbital nerve, a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN v) supplies the lateral aspects of the nose.

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The external nose is a visible component of the face, projecting above it and letting into the nasal cavity. This article will discuss the anatomy of the external nose – its skeletal structure, muscles, blood supply and innervation.

The outer nose is said to be pyramidal in shape. The root of the nose is located on top, and is continuous with the forehead. The apex of the nose ends low in a rounded ‘tip’. Between the root and the apex is the dorsum of the nose.

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Non-essential cookies are any cookies that are not particularly necessary for the website to function and are specifically used to collect users’ personal data through analytics, ads and other embedded content. It is mandatory to obtain user consent before running these cookies on your website. The main entrance and exit to the respiratory system is through the nose. When discussing the nose, it is helpful to divide it into two major parts: the external nose, and the nasal cavity or internal nose.

The external nose consists of the surface and skeletal structures that give rise to the appearance of the nose and contribute to its many functions (Figure). The root is the region of the nose located between the eyebrows. The bridge is the part of the nose that connects the root to the rest of the nose. The nasi dorsum is the length of the nose. The apex is the tip of the nose. On both sides of the apex, the nostrils are for by the alae (singular = ala). The ala is a cartilaginous structure that forms the lateral side of each naris (plural = nares), or nostril opening. The philtrum is the concave surface that connects the apex of the nose to the upper lip.

Under the thin skin of the nose are its skeletal features. While the root and bridge of the nose consists of bone, the protruding part of the nose consists of cartilage. As a result, when he is looking at a skull, the nose is missing. The nasal bone is one of a pair of bones located under the root and bridge of the nose.

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Nose, the prominent structure between the eyes that acts as the entrance to the respiratory tract and contains the olfactory organ. It provides air for respiration, processes smell, filters, warms and humidifies the air, and cleans itself of foreign debris removed from inhalation.

There are two cavities in the nose, separated from each other by a wall of cartilage called the septum. The external openings are called nares or nostrils. The roof of the mouth and the floor of the nose are formed by the palatine bone, commonly known as the hard palate of the mouth; A flap of tissue, the soft palate, extends back into the nasopharynx, the nasal part of the throat, and during swallowing is pushed upwards, closing the nasopharynx so that food does not enter the back of the nose.

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The shape of the nasal cavity is complex. The part in front of, inside and above each nostril is called the vestibule. Behind the vestibule and along each external wall are three elevations, running generally from front to back. Each elevation, called a turbinate or turbinate, hangs over an airway. Next to and above the superior concha is the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. The rest of the cavity is the respiratory part. The respiratory area is lined with a moist mucous membrane with fine hairlike projections called cilia, which serve to collect debris. Mucus from cells in the membrane wall also helps trap dust particles, carbon, soot and bacteria. Sinus cavities are located in the bony skull on either side of the nose.

The olfactory epithelium, found within the nasal cavity, has olfactory receptor cells that have specialized cilia extensions. The cilia capture odor molecules as they pass across the epithelial surface. Information about the molecules is then transmitted from the receptors to the olfactory bulb in the brain.

In the olfactory (smell) part of the nose, most of the lining is mucous membrane. A small portion of the lining contains the nerve cells that are the actual sensory organs. Fibers, called dendrites,

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