Different Kinds Of Tissues And Their Functions – The term tissue is used to describe a group of cells found together in the body. The cells in the tissue share a common embryonic origin. Microscopic observation shows that cells in a tissue share common morphological characteristics and are arranged in an orderly pattern to carry out tissue functions. From an evolutionary perspective, tissues emerged in more complex organisms. For example, multicellular protists, ancient eukaryotes, do not have cells organized into tissues.

Although there are many types of cells in the human body, they are organized into four main tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Each of these types is characterized by specific functions that contribute to overall health and maintenance of the body. Structural disruption is a sign of injury or disease. Such changes can be detected through histology, the microscopic study of tissue form, organization, and function.

Different Kinds Of Tissues And Their Functions

Epithelial tissue, also known as epithelium, refers to the sheets of cells that cover the external surfaces of the body, line internal cavities and passages, and form certain glands. Connective tissue, as its name suggests, binds the body’s cells and organs together and functions to protect, support and integrate all parts of the body. Muscle tissue is excitable, reacts to stimulation and contracts to produce movement, and exists in three main types: skeletal (voluntary) muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle in the heart. Nervous tissue is also excitable, allowing the transmission of electrochemical signals in the form of nerve impulses that communicate between different areas of the body ([link]).

Structural Organization Of The Human Body

The next level of organization is the organ, where several types of tissues come together to form a functioning unit. Just as knowing the structure and function of cells will help you study tissues, knowledge of tissues will help you understand how organs work. Epithelial and connective tissues will be discussed in detail in this chapter. Muscle and nerve tissues will be discussed only briefly in this chapter.

Four tissue types are illustrated in nervous tissue, stratified squamous epithelial tissue, myocardial tissue, and connective tissue in the small intestine. Clockwise from nerve tissue, LM × 872, LM × 282, LM × 460, LM × 800. (Micrographs courtesy of Regents of University of Michigan Medical School © 2012)

The zygote, or fertilized egg, is a single cell formed by the union of an egg and sperm. After fertilization, the zygote develops rapid cell division cycles, producing many cells to form the embryo. The first embryonic cells created have the ability to differentiate into any type of cell in the body and are therefore called totipotent cells, meaning each cell has the ability to divide, differentiate and develop. evolve into a new creature. As cells proliferate, three major cell lineages are formed in the embryo. As explained in the following chapter, each of these embryonic cell lines forms the distinct germ layers from which all the tissues and organs of the human body eventually arise. Each germ layer is identified by its relative position: ectoderm (ecto- = “outer”), mesoderm (meso- = “middle”), and endoderm (endo- = “inner”). [link] shows the tissue and organ types associated with each of the three germ layers. Note that epithelial tissue is derived from all three layers, whereas nervous tissue is derived primarily from the ectoderm and muscle tissue from the mesoderm.

Watch this slideshow to learn more about stem cells. How are somatic stem cells different from embryonic stem cells?

The 3 Layers Of The Heart Wall

The tissue membrane is a thin layer or sheet of cells that covers the outside of the body (e.g. skin), organs (e.g. pericardium), internal passageways leading to the outside of the body (e.g. mesentery belly). ) and the lining of movable joint cavities. There are two basic types of tissue membranes: connective tissue and epithelial ([connective]) membranes.

The two broad types of tissue membranes in the body are (1) connective tissue membranes, which include the synovial membrane, and (2) epithelial membranes, which include mucous membranes, serous membranes, and dermal membranes, in other words, the skin.

The connective tissue membrane is formed solely from connective tissue. These membranes cover organs, such as the kidneys, and line our moving joints. The synovial membrane is a connective tissue membrane that lines the cavity of a freely moving joint. For example, the synovial membrane surrounds the shoulder, elbow, and knee joints. Fibroblasts in the inner layer of the synovial membrane release hyaluronan into the joint cavity. Hyaluronan effectively traps available water to form synovial fluid, a natural lubricant that allows bones and joints to move freely against each other without much friction. This synovial fluid easily exchanges water and nutrients with the blood, as well as all body fluids.

The epithelial membrane consists of epithelium attached to a layer of connective tissue, such as your skin. Mucous membranes are also a combination of connective and epithelial tissues. Sometimes called mucosa, these epithelial membranes line body cavities and hollow passages that open to the external environment, including the digestive, respiratory, excretory, and reproductive tracts. Mucus is secreted by epithelial exocrine glands, covering the epithelial layer. The underlying connective tissue, called lamina propria (literally “own layer”), helps support the delicate epithelial layer.

Skin: Anatomy And Function

The serous membrane is an epithelial membrane composed of mesenchymal-derived epithelium called mesothelium supported by connective tissue. These membranes line the cavities of the body, that is, the cavities that do not open to the outside, and they cover the organs located in those cavities. They are essentially membranous sacs, with mesothelial lining on the inside and connective tissue on the outside. The serous fluid secreted by the cells of the thin squamous mesothelium lubricates membranes and reduces abrasion and friction between organs. Serous membranes are determined by location. Three serous membranes line the chest cavity; the two pleurae cover the lungs and the pericardium covers the heart. Fourth, the peritoneum, is the serous membrane in the abdominal cavity that covers the abdominal organs and forms two mesenteric sheets that suspend many of the digestive organs.

Skin is an epithelial membrane also known as cuticle. It is a stratified squamous epithelial membrane overlying connective tissue. The apical surface of this membrane is exposed to the external environment and is covered with dead, keratinized cells that help protect the body from desiccation and pathogens.

The human body contains more than 200 types of cells, all of which can be classified into four tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Epithelial tissues act as coverings that control the movement of substances on the surface. Connective tissue unites different parts of the body and provides support and protection to organs. Muscle tissue allows the body to move. Nervous tissues propagate information.

The study of the shape and arrangement of cells in tissue is called histology. All cells and tissues in the body originate from three germ layers in the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Mapping The Types And Traits Of Immune Cells

Different types of tissues form membranes that surround organs, creating frictionless interactions between organs and holding them together. The synovial membrane is a connective tissue membrane that protects and lines the joints. The epithelial membrane is formed from epithelial tissue attached to a layer of connective tissue. There are three types of epithelial membranes: mucin containing glands; serous, secreting fluid; and skin makes skin.

The four types of tissues in the body are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Epithelial tissue is made up of layers of cells that cover the surfaces of the body exposed to the outside world, line internal cavities, and form glands. Connective tissue binds the body’s cells and organs together and performs many functions, especially the body’s protection, support and integration. Muscle tissue, which responds to stimulation and contracts to produce movement, is divided into three main types: skeletal (voluntary) muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle in the heart. Nervous tissue allows the body to receive signals and transmit information in the form of electrical impulses from one area of ​​the body to another.

The zygote is described as totipotent because it ultimately gives rise to all the cells in your body, including the highly specialized cells of your nervous system. Describe this transition, discussing the steps and processes that lead to these specialized cells.

The zygote divides into many cells. As these cells become specialized, they lose the ability to differentiate into all tissues. They initially form three main germ layers. Following the cells of the ectodermal germ layer, they also become more limited in their ability to form. Finally, some of these ectodermal cells become further restricted and differentiate into neurons.

The Three Layers Of Skin And How They Function

The synovial membrane is a type of connective tissue membrane that supports joint mobility. This membrane lines the joint cavity and contains fibroblasts that produce hyaluronan, which leads to the production of synovial fluid, a natural lubricant that helps bones and joints move freely against each other.

Skin; epithelial tissue is made up of one layer

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