Can Psoriasis Cause High White Blood Cell Count – Medically Reviewed by Suzanne Falck, M.D., FACP – By Lori Smith, MSN, BSN, WHNP-BC – Updated January 3, 2023

White blood cells help fight infection and are essential for health and well-being. Changes in white blood cell levels can occur during infections, during pregnancy and with certain cancers.

Can Psoriasis Cause High White Blood Cell Count

A high white blood cell count may indicate that the immune system is working to destroy an infection.

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It can also be a sign of physical or emotional stress. People with certain blood cancers may also have high white blood cell counts.

A low white blood cell count can signal that an injury or condition is destroying cells faster than the body is making them, or that the body is producing too few of them.

White blood cells make up about 1% of all blood cells, and they are important for the regular functioning of the immune system. White blood cells are also known as leukocytes.

The bone marrow continuously produces white blood cells. They are stored in the blood and lymphatic system until they are needed to fight an infection or disease in the body.

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There are normally between 4,500 and 11,000 white blood cells in each microliter of blood, although this can vary by gender, age and race.

When needed, monocytes travel to other organs, such as the spleen, liver, lungs, and bone marrow, where they transform into a cell called a macrophage.

A macrophage is responsible for many functions, including removing dead or damaged tissue, destroying cancer cells, and regulating the immune response.

An increase in white blood cells is called leukocytosis. It usually occurs in response to the following conditions:

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Certain respiratory diseases, such as whooping cough or tuberculosis, can cause white blood cell levels to increase.

In some cases, all white blood cells are affected. But some people have a specific disease where only one type of white blood cell is affected.

If the levels of a certain type of white blood cell increase, this may be due to a specific trigger:

There is sometimes no identifiable cause for the increase in white blood cells. This is known as idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. It can lead to serious complications, such as damage to the heart, lung, liver, skin and nervous system.

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The levels of white blood cells increase significantly during a healthy pregnancy due to the physical stress the body is subjected to during this time. Levels begin to rise in the first trimester and continue to rise into the third trimester.

White blood cells in each microliter of blood. This is in response to the physical stresses and traumas of childbirth.

If the levels of white blood cells are lower than usual, this may be a sign that the person has reduced immune activity.

A lack of white blood cells is why people with conditions or medications that suppress the immune system have an increased risk of infection.

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These develop when too many immature blood cells are produced, leading to an imbalance. Myeloproliferative disorders are rare conditions that may or may not become malignant.

The exact effects of a high white blood cell count depend on the condition or factor causing it.

After noting any symptoms, a doctor may use a blood test to assess the white blood cell count, and further tests and investigations will often be necessary to determine the exact cause of the problem.

A high white blood cell count can indicate several things, such as the immune system working to destroy an infection, a sign of physical or emotional stress, or certain types of cancer.

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Pregnancy also leads to high white blood cell counts, as levels tend to rise from the first trimester to the third. White blood cell levels will also rise in the hours after delivery, due to the severe stress the body is under.

Meanwhile, a low white blood cell count can signal that an injury or condition is destroying cells faster than the body is making them. It can also mean that the body produces too few of them.

While the symptoms depend on the cause of the high white blood cell count, fluctuations in the white blood cell count may not cause any symptoms.

Medical News Today has strict purchasing guidelines and sources only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources – including studies, scientific references and statistics – within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. A few studies have shown that psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease in which several immune cells play crucial roles. However, the link between circulating immune cells and psoriasis remains elusive.

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Methods: To explore the role of circulating immune cells in psoriasis, 361,322 individuals from the UK Biobank (UKB) and 3,971 patients with psoriasis from China were included to investigate the relationship between white blood cells and psoriasis via an observational study. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and Mendelian randomization (MR) were used to evaluate the causal relationship between circulating leukocytes and psoriasis.

Results: The risk of psoriasis increased with high levels of monocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils (relative risks and 95% confidence intervals, respectively: 1.430 (1.291–1.584) for monocytes, 1.527 (1.379–1.149) (1.642) (1.642, neutrophils). 1.551) for eosinophils). On further MRI analysis, eosinophils showed a definite causal association with psoriasis (inverse variance weighted odds ratio: 1.386, 95% confidence interval: 1.092–1.759) and a positive correlation with psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) = 6.6 × 10

). The roles of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in psoriasis were also assessed. More than 20,000 genetic variations associated with NLR, PLR and LMR were discovered in a GWAS analysis using UKB data. After adjustment for covariates in the observational study, NLR and PLR were found to be risk factors for psoriasis, while LMR was a protective factor. MRI results showed that there was no causal relationship between these three indicators and psoriasis; however, NLR, PLR and LMR correlated with the PASI score (NLR: rho = 0.244, P = 2.1 × 10

Discussion: Our findings revealed an important association between circulating leukocytes and psoriasis, which is instructive for the clinical practice of psoriasis treatment.

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As a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, psoriasis affects more than 60 million adults and children, significantly impairing patients’ quality of life and placing a heavy burden on individuals and society (1); however, the pathogenesis of psoriasis has not yet been fully elucidated (2). Immune cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis (1, 3, 4), and previous studies have shown the importance of systemic immunity in psoriasis, such as excessive interleukin 17 (IL-17) and interleukin 36, in circulating immune cells (5, 6) . At the same time, patients with psoriasis have shown a unique profile of circulating leukocytes (7, 8), and increased numbers of neutrophils have been detected in several studies (9, 10). However, more studies have focused on immunocytes from the skin lesions in psoriasis (11–13), and the role of circulating white blood cells in psoriasis remains unclear. Lymphocytes, especially T cells, have been recognized as disease-causing cells in psoriasis (14); however, some studies have shown decreased circulating lymphocytes in patients with psoriasis (15). The relationship between psoriasis and other circulating cells, such as eosinophils and basophils, has rarely been reported. Therefore, it is necessary to explore this association further.

Although some studies have shown the important role of circulating immune cells in psoriasis, these results were based on observational studies that were limited by sample size and bias. More appropriate methods are needed to improve these studies. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies use instrumental variables associated with exposure to assess possible causal relationships with outcomes. This method can reduce the potential confounding bias (16, 17). The causal relationships between different phenotypes and diseases have been revealed using MR analysis (18, 19). Thus, it is possible to use MRI to explore the causal relationship between circulating immune cells and psoriasis.

To further understand the role of circulating immune cells in psoriasis, we investigated the association between five main types of white blood cells and psoriasis using data from the UK Biobank (UKB) and a Chinese population and evaluated the potential causal relationship between psoriasis and white blood cells. We further investigated the roles of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in psoriasis. Our results provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between circulating white blood cells and psoriasis, suggesting that the number of eosinophils is a potential factor related to the occurrence and severity of psoriasis.

A total of 361,322 individuals from UKB and 3,971 individuals from a Chinese population were included in our study ( Figure 1 ). UKB is a prospective cohort study with a large amount of genetic and phenotypic data collected from approximately 500,000 individuals across the UK from 2006 to 2010 (20–22). Patients with psoriasis were included from primary care, hospitalization, self-reports and other sources in the UKB (Table S1). Participant

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