What Is The Function Of Human Liver – Liver anatomy. The liver is located in the upper abdomen, near the stomach, intestines, gallbladder and pancreas. The liver has four lobes. Two lobes are on the anterior part and two small lobes (not shown) are on the posterior part of the liver. The intrahepatic bile ducts are a network of small tubes that transport bile
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What Is The Function Of Human Liver
It is a disease in which the body’s cells grow out of control. When cancer starts in the liver, it is called
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Each year in the United States, approximately 25,000 men and 11,000 women get liver cancer, and approximately 19,000 men and 9,000 women die from the disease. The percentage of Americans who get liver cancer has been increasing for several decades, but is now decreasing. Liver cancer is more common in other parts of the world than in the United States.
The liver is located in the upper right part of the body, behind the lower ribs. The liver does many jobs, including:
In its early stages, liver cancer may have no visible or palpable symptoms. However, as the cancer gets larger, people may notice one or more of these common symptoms. It is important to remember that these symptoms could also be caused by other health conditions. If you experience any of these symptoms, talk to your doctor.
Preventing Liver Cancer Among Opioid Users Liver cancer can be caused by chronic infections with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV). The opioid epidemic has increased the number of people injecting drugs in the United States, which may lead to an increased risk of HCV and HBV transmission through the use of shared equipment.
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The data visualization tool allows anyone to easily explore and use the latest official federal government cancer data from US Cancer Statistics. Includes the latest cancer data covering the US population.
View rates or numbers of new liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers or deaths from liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer for the entire United States and individual states. Also, see the top 10 cancers for men and women.
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Illustration Of Anatomy Of Human Liver Stock Illustration
The liver is the primary processing structure of the body. Most substances that are ingested, and subsequently digested, are absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine and pass to the liver via the hepatic portal vein. This organ is not only special for its function, but also for its organization. Specifically, the liver can be studied and thought about in two distinct ways: an anatomical one divided into lobes and a functional one divided into sectors and segments. In a certain sense it follows a similar logic to that of the lungs.
This article will describe the sectors and segments of the liver as well as the blood supply and portacaval anastomoses.
Anatomically, the liver is considered to have four main lobes. There is a smaller left lobe and a larger right lobe (which are separated along the attachment of the falciform ligament), as well as a caudate lobe and a quadrate lobe (which are part of the anatomical right lobe).
However, the distribution of the portal blood supply and bile drainage of the liver allows the organ to be functionally divided into four sectors, which are subsequently divided to give a total of eight segments.
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Division of the liver into left and right functional lobes of equal size is performed by drawing a line through the midline of the gallbladder and the inferior vena cava. In contrast to the anatomical division that causes the caudate and quadrate lobes to be located between the right and left anatomical lobes of the liver, this division causes the caudate and quadrate lobes to be part of the functional left lobe.
Each functional lobe can then be further divided into its respective sectors. The functional left lobe is divided into a left lateral sector and a left medial sector along the insertion of the falciform ligament and through the fissures of the ligamentum venous and ligamentum teres. The left lateral lobe lies to the left of the fissures and falciform ligament, while the left medial lobe lies between this line and the major demarcation separating the liver into its functional lobes.
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Similarly, the right functional lobe is divided into the right medial and right lateral sectors by an oblique line that passes anteroposteriorly from the midpoint of the right lobe to the groove of the vena cava. Unlike the other sectoral signs, there is no visible imprint on the liver illustrating the division of the functional right lobe. It should also be noted that, due to the rounded shape of the lateral border of the liver, the right medial and right lateral sectors are sometimes referred to as the right anterior sector and right posterior sector, respectively.
Abdomen (human Anatomy)
Each sector is subsequently divided into two, producing eight liver segments. If the patient were supine and the liver was reflected along its inferior border towards the diaphragm, the segments would be numbered counterclockwise around the porta hepatis.
The hepatic portal vein is responsible for transporting approximately 70% of the blood that passes through the liver. The remaining 30% is transported by the hepatic artery. The hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of the splenic vein, the inferior mesenteric vein and the superior mesenteric vein. It also receives tributaries from the right and left gastric veins. The left gastroepiploic vein drains into the portal vein via the splenic vein; while the right gastroepiploic vein, the inferior and superior pancreaticoduodenal veins do so via the superior mesenteric vein.
The left lateral segment processes blood from the stomach and lower esophagus, the distal body and tail of the pancreas, the greater curvature of the stomach, and the hindgut via the splenic, gastric, and inferior mesenteric veins. On the other hand, the functional right lobe of the liver processes blood from the head of the pancreas, the pylorus and antrum of the stomach, and the midgut via the superior mesenteric vein. The left medial segment receives blood from the entire gastrointestinal tract.
The caudate lobe (segment I) is the autonomous area of the liver. It receives portal venous, as well as hepatic arterial, blood from both branches of the above-mentioned vessels. Furthermore, its bile drainage occurs through both branches of the hepatic ducts and its venous return goes directly into the inferior vena cava. Segments II, III and IV access the blood supply and carry out venous and biliary drainage through the left branches of the responsible vessels.
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The body is also equipped with extensive circulatory anastomoses that provide an alternative route for venous drainage in the event of obstruction. These points of mixing of the portal and systemic circulation are known as portacaval or portosystemic anastomoses.
Hepatic (portal) hypertension is clinically defined as a persistent increase in portal venous pressure greater than 12 mmHg, portal vein distension greater than 13 mm, or a portal pressure gradient (between the portal vein and inferior vena cava) greater than at 7 mmHg.
This condition can arise due to right ventricular failure, obstruction of the hepatic veins (Budd-Chiari syndrome), and other disease processes.
Clinically, patients may present with distension of the anastomosed vessels and peripheral edema. Pathologies such as caput Medusae (distention of the veins of the anterior abdominal wall) and esophageal varices (distension of the veins of the lower esophagus) may occur.
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